| 1 | Freight rates offered by carriers are obviously changed. | Lin and Liang (2011); Lu (2013); Wen and Lin (2016); Ho et al. (2017) |
| 2 | The route mixes to provide shippers decrease. | OECD (2015); Lu and Yeh (2019); Ho et al. (2017) |
| 3 | The provisioning capability of empty containers to shippers gets better. | Ho et al. (2017); Lu and Yeh (2019) |
| 4 | Truck fees increase because of ship call changes. | OECD (2015) |
| 5 | The choice for available cooperated carriers de-creases. | Lu et al. (2006) |
| 6 | Control ability of forwarders for ship slots decreases. | Lu (2013); Wen and Lin (2016); Lu and Yeh (2019) |
| 7 | Handling and additional charges increase. | Lin and Liang (2011); Ho et al. (2017) |
| 8 | Transport reliability of CSLs decreases. | Lu (2013); Wen and Lin (2016); Lu and Yeh (2019) |
| 9 | Service quality of CSLs decreases. | Lin and Liang (2011); OECD (2015); Lu and Yeh (2019) |
| 10 | Brand reliability of CSLs decreases. | Lu et al. (2006); Lu (2013); Wen and Lin (2016); Ho et al. (2017) |
| 11 | OFFs should quickly respond to the changes in logistical decision making from shippers. | Proposed by the focus group |
| 12 | OFFs change the perception to an e-commerce application. | Lin and Liang (2011) |
| 13 | The pressure of getting more freight businesses increases. | Grimstad and Neumann-Larsen (2013); Lu and Yeh (2019) |
| 14 | OFFs care more about risk management than before. | Proposed by the focus group |
| 15 | OFFs are more concerned about the rights and obligetions for freight damage claims. | Lin and Liang (2011) |
| 16 | OFFs track CLSs’ operation dynamics more in detail. | Proposed by the focus group |
| 17 | The liaison burden between OFFs and CSLs decreases. | Lu (2013) |
| 18 | The complexity of shipment consolidation increases. | Burkovskis (2008); Lin and Liang (2011) |